Heavy resistance training increases muscle size, strength and physical function in elderly male COPD-patients—a pilot study

Abstract 

This study investigated the effects of heavy resistance training in elderly males with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 18 Home-dwelling male patients (age range: 65–80 years), with a mean forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV₁) of 46±3.4% of predicted value, were recruited. Baseline and post-training assessments included: Cross-sectional area (CSA) of quadriceps assessed by MRI, isometric and isokinetic knee extension strength, isometric trunk strength, leg extension power, normal and maximal gait-speed on a 30m track, stair climbing time, number of chair stands in 30s, lung function (FEV₁) and self-reported health. Subjects were randomized to a resistance training group (RE, n=9) or a control group conducting breathing exercises (CON, n=9). RE performed heavy progressive resistance training twice a week for 12 weeks. 6 RE and 7 CON completed the study. In RE the following improved (P<0.05): Quadriceps CSA: 4%, isometric knee extension strength: 14%, isokinetic knee extension strength at 60°/s.: 18%, leg extension power: 19%, maximal gait speed: 14%, stair climbing time: 17%, isometric trunk flexion: 5% and self-reported health. In CON no changes were found.

In conclusion, 12 weeks of heavy resistance training twice a week resulted in significant improvements in muscle size, knee extension strength, leg extension power, functional performance and self-reported health in elderly male COPD patients.

Keywords:  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Pulmonary rehabilitation, Resistance training, Muscle size, Muscle strength, Physical function