Respiratory Medicine
Volume 103, Issue 8 , Pages 1209-1215 , August 2009

Coexistent emphysema delays the decrease of vital capacity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Received 7 September 2008 ,Accepted 2 February 2009.

References 

  1. Travis WD, et al. American thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society International multidisciplinary consensus classification of the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;165:277–304
  2. Crystal RG, Fulmer JD, Roberts WC, et al. NIH conference. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Clinical, histologic, radiographic, physiologic, scintigraphic, cytologic, and biochemical aspects. Ann Intern Med. 1976;85:769–788
  3. King TE, Costabel U, Cordier JF, et al. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: diagnosis and treatment. International consensus statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;161:644–664
  4. Nagai S, Kitaichi M, Itoh H, et al. Idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia/fibrosis: comparison with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and BOOP. Eur Respir J. 1998;12:1010–1019
  5. Travis WD, Matsui K, Moss J, et al. Idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia: prognostic significance of cellular and fibrosing patterns: survival comparison with usual interstitial pneumonia and desquamative interstitial pneumonia. Am J Surg Pathol. 2000;24:19–33
  6. Collard HR, King TE, Bartelson BB, et al. Changes in clinical and physiologic variables predict survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;168:538–542
  7. Latsi PI, du Bois RM, Nicholson AG, et al. Fibrotic idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. The prognostic value of longitudinal functional trends. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;168:531–537
  8. Jegal Y, Kim DS, Shim TS, et al. Physiology is a stronger predictor of survival than pathology in fibrotic interstitial pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;171:639–644
  9. Wiggins J, Strickland B, Turner-Warwick M. Combined cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and emphysema: the value of high resolution computed tomography in assessment. Respir Med. 1990;84:365–369
  10. Doherty MJ, Pearson MG, O'Grady EA, et al. Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis with preserved lung volumes. Thorax. 1997;52:998–1002
  11. Wells AU, Desai SR, Rubens MB, et al. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a composite physiologic index derived from disease extent observed by computed tomography. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;167:962–969
  12. Cottin M, Nunes H, Brillet PY, et al. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: a distinct underrecognised entity. Eur Respir J. 2005;26:586–593
  13. Mura M, Zompatori M, Pacilli AMG, et al. The presence of emphysema further impairs physiologic function in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Care. 2006;51:257–265
  14. Vestbo J, Hogg JC. Convergence of the epidemiology and pathology of COPD. Thorax. 2006;61:86–88
  15. Gauldie J, Kolb M, Ask K, et al. Smad3 signaling involved in pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2006;3:696–702
  16. Lund blad LKA, Thompson-Figueroa J, Leclair T, et al. Tumor necrosis factor – overexpression in lung disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;171:1363–1370
  17. Lappalainen U, Whitsett JA, Wert SE, et al. Interleukin-1 causes pulmonary inflammation, emphysema, and airway remodeling in the adult murine lung. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2005;32:311–318
  18. Nénan S, Boichot E, Lagente V, et al. Macrophage elastase (MMP-12): a pro-inflammatory mediator?. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro. 2005;100(Suppl. I):167–172
  19. Koyama S, Sato E, Haniuda M, et al. Decreased level of vascular endothelial growth factor in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of normal smokers and patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166:382–385
  20. Tang K, Rossiter HB, Wagner PD, et al. Lung-targeted VEGF inactivation leads to an emphysema phenotype in mice. J Appl Physiol. 2004;97:1559–1566
  21. Hoyle GW, Li J, Finkelstein JB, et al. Emphysematous lesions, inflammation, and fibrosis in the lungs of transgenic mice overexpressing platelet-derived growth factor. Am J Pathol. 1999;154:1763–1775
  22. Aduen JF, Zisman DA, Mobin SI, et al. Retrospective study of pulmonary function tests in patients presenting with isolated reduction in single-breath diffusion capacity: implications for the diagnosis of combined obstructive and restrictive lung disease. Mayo Clin Proc. 2007;82:48–54
  23. Sumikawa H, Johkoh T, Colby TV, et al. Computed tomography findings in pathological usual interstitial pneumonia. Relationship to survival. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008;177:433–439
  24. Webb WR, Muller NL, Naidich DP. High-resolution CT of the lung. 3rd ed.. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001;p. 436–66
  25. Comroe JH, Foster RE, Dubois AB, et al. The lung volumes. In: The lung: clinical physiology and pulmonary function tests. 2nd ed.. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers; 1973;p. 7–26
  26. Foster RE, Fowler WS, Bates DV, et al. The absorption of carbon monoxide by the lungs during breath holding. J Clin Invest. 1954;33:1135–1145
  27. Burrows B, Kasik JE, Niden AH, et al. Clinical usefulness of the single-breath pulmonary diffusing capacity test. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1961;84:789–806
  28. Baumgartner KB, Samet JM, Stidley CA, et al. Cigarette smoking: a risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;155:242–248
  29. Schwartz DA, Helmers RA, Galvin JR, Van Fossen DA, et al. Determinants of survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994;149(2 Pt 1):450–454
  30. Corrin B, Nicholson AG. Pathology of the lungs. 2nd ed.. Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2006;p. 98–106

PII: S0954-6111(09)00042-0

doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2009.02.001

Respiratory Medicine
Volume 103, Issue 8 , Pages 1209-1215 , August 2009