Highlights
- •The prevalence of RLF and RSP in the general population are 1.1 and 4.4%, respectively.
- •RSP has a high negative predictive value and low positive predictive value to define RLF.
- •Body composition is an important determining factor of RLF and RSP.
- •There is a need to combine lung function and body composition trajectories.
Abstract
Background
Restrictive lung function (RLF) is characterized by a reduced lung expansion and size.
In the absence of lung volume measurements, restriction can be indirectly assessed
with restrictive spirometric patterns (RSP) by spirometry. Prevalence data on RLF
by the golden standard body plethysmography in the general population are scarce.
Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of RLF and RSP in the general population
by body plethysmography and to determine factors influencing RLF and RSP.
Methods
Pre-bronchodilation lung function data of 8891 subjects (48.0% male, age 6–82 years)
have been collected in the LEAD Study, a single-centered, longitudinal, population-based
study from Vienna, Austria. The cohort was categorized in the following groups based
on the Global Lung Initiative reference equations: normal subjects, RLF (TLC < lower
limit of normal (LLN)), RSP (FEV1/FVC ≥ LLN and a FVC < LLN), RSP only (RSP with TLC ≥ LLN).
Normal subjects were considered those with FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC and TLC between LLN
and ULN (upper limit of normal).
Results
The prevalence of RLF and RSP in the Austrian general population is 1.1% and 4.4%.
Spirometry has a positive and negative predictive value of 18.0% and 99.6% to predict
a restrictive lung function. Central obesity was associated with RLF. RSP was related
to smoking and underweight.
Conclusions
The prevalence of true restrictive lung function and RSP in the Austrian general population
is lower than previously estimated. Our data confirm the need for direct lung volume
measurement to diagnose true restrictive lung function.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 02, 2023
Accepted:
February 14,
2023
Received in revised form:
February 9,
2023
Received:
November 2,
2022
Identification
Copyright
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